The development of cutting technology depends on the progress of cutting tool technology and technology of high speed machine tool, of cutting tool and machine tool choose correctly often having conclusive effect. Speed of cutting of first-rate of structure of cutting tool of the stuff of new-style cutting tool with use hear resistance better and coating, reasonable design and geometrical parameter, choice is implementation the important safeguard that cutting treatment optimizes. In at present material of high-powered cutting tool is like hard alloy, cermet, diamond, cubic nitrogen to change boron to wait super- while hard data develops ceaselessly, high-speed steel especially pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel, the integral performance with good side waits in sex of obdurability, craft and machinability by right of its, in complex cutting tool especially angrily cutting tool, broach and of all kinds milling cutter are made in still have clear advantage, application is quite wide. Development of 1 high-speed steel and characteristic of craft of smelt of pulverous high-speed steel were the high-speed steel of main use to already experienced the development course of hundred years with cutting cutting tool. 1900 on exposition of French Paris world, american Taylor and the high speed cutting that White undertakes successfully demonstrate to indicate the application of a high-speed steel was pulled open prelusive. Come for years, high-speed steel cutting tool is holding the dominant position of machining domain all the time, its develop brief Shi Jian to express 1. Express 1 high-speed steel to develop brief history time is main memorabilia invention of 1898 Englishmans Mushet applies 1870 ～ Mn-W from strong tool steel, 1900 American of ～ of 8m/min1898 of speed of cutting medium carbon steel Taylor, White replaces Mn-W with Cr-W steel from hard steel, founded high-speed steel. Speed of cutting medium carbon steel amounts to composition of steel of 20m/min1910 establish T1(W18Cr4V) , speed of cutting medium carbon steel amounts to Breelor of 30m/min1937 ～ American to invent W-Mo is invention of United States of ～ of high-speed steel M21939 high-speed steel of tall carbon tall vanadium, contain vanadium 3 ～ 5% , hardness of temper of temper by dipping in water amounts to 67 ～ 68HRC, wearability is good, but grinding sex is poor. Theory of 1963 balances carbon puts forward 1958 ～ with application, the United States invents M40 to fasten high-speed steel, hardness amounts to 70HRC, be like M41, company of Crucible Steels of M421965 ～ United States invents pulverous metallurgy law to produce high-speed steel put into production of high-speed steel of pulverous metallurgy of Stora-ASEA of 1970 ～ Sweden; High-speed steel of remelting of electric broken bits begins to be used at old sectional capable person to produce the country such as Europe of 1980 ～ , beautiful, day, Russia to begin to produce pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel; Nitrogen changes titanium coating to be used at cutting tool of high-speed steel cutting, life raises high-speed steel of pulverous metallurgy of 1990 ～ to realize tall alloy smelt considerably, new steel is planted heat treatment hardness amounts to workmanship of smelt of tradition of high-speed steel of 70 ～ 72HRC to use mould of casting of smelt of furnace of big tonnage electric arc, model to become ingot normally. Smelt of electric arc furnace, molten steel size is large, composition is even, can take off gas to wait through the fine outside furnace, vacuum improve molten steel quality; But because size of steel ingot mould is larger, molten steel is cooling and slow, and part of high-speed steel chemistry is complex, alloying element content is high, make organization of its Lai body bulky, carbide slants analyse is serious. Carbide slants the actor of low quality that analyse degree reflected high-speed steel quality, slant badly the performance that analyse reduced high-speed steel, make the forge of steel, make friends machines difficulty, the development of tall alloy, high-powered high-speed steel suffers be restricted. The high-speed steel mould that pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel changed a tradition and the craft that become ingot, used pulverization milling and forming take shape. The more advanced pulverous high-speed steel on international makes basic technology is be over smelt, the molten steel classics that accords with chemical composition requirement is puissant high-pressured nitrogen pulverization, petty droplet instant is rapid and caky into grain of alloyed powder end, its granuality is equivalent to general ingot casting millions upon millions of 1/0 " exceed petty steel ingot " , formed splitting cold caky milling. After pulverization milling is finished, bag of screening of classics of grain of alloyed powder end, outfit is covered, shake solid, vacuumize takes off the working procedure such as gas, become ingot via the forming such as cold, heat again. The advantage of pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel is composition even, carbide is not had slant analyse, yi Shi shows tall alloy to change; Compare with electric steel, its obdurability rises substantially, heat treatment is out of shape small, dimension stability is tall, but grinding performance is good. The high-speed steel brand that main brand and part convention smelt produce high-speed steel of 2 pulverous metallurgy all can use production of pulverous metallurgy method, and the tall alloy such as Gao Fan, tall cobalt is high-powered high-speed steel is pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel however the brand with particular place (wait for) like ASP2060, ASP2080. Watch 2 for pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel main brand reachs composition range. Express high-speed steel of 2 pulverous metallurgy main brand and composition (1M2-PM0 of other of CCrWMoVCo of brand of Wt%) serial number. 95 ～ 1.
053.
75 ～ 4.
505.
50 ～ 6.
754.
50 ～ 5.
501.
75 ～ 2.
20max0.
502M3-PM1.
15 ～ 1.
253.
75 ～ 4.
505.
00 ～ 6.
754.
75 ～ 6.
502.
75 ～ 3.
25max0.
503M4-PM1.
25 ～ 1.
403.
75 ～ 4.
755.
25 ～ 6.
504.
25 ～ 5.
503.
75 ～ 4.
50max0.
504M7-PM0.
97 ～ 1.
053.
50 ～ 4.
001.
40 ～ 2.
108.
20 ～ 9.
201.
75 ～ 2.
25max0.
505M35-PM0.
88 ～ 0.
953.
80 ～ 4.
506.
00 ～ 6.
704.
70 ～ 5.
201.
70 ～ 2.
004.
50 ～ 5.
006M42-PM1.
05 ～ 1.
153.
50 ～ 4.
251.
15 ～ 1.
859.
00 ～ 10.
00.
95 ～ 1.
357.
75 ～ 8.
757M48-PM1.
42 ～ 1.
523.
50 ～ 4.
009.
50 ～ 10.
504.
75 ～ 5.
502.
75 ～ 3.
258.
00 ～ 10.
00S ≤ 0.
078M50-PM0.
78 ～ 0.
883.
75 ～ 4.
50max0.
203.
90 ～ 4.
750.
80 ～ 1.
25max0.
509M61-PM1.
75 ～ 1.
853.
50 ～ 4.
2512.
10 ～ 12.
96.
00 ～ 6.
754.
50 ～ 5.
25max1.
00P ≤ 0.
0210ASP20151.
50 ～ 1.
603.
75 ～ 5.
0011.
75 ～ 13.
0max1.
004.
50 ～ 5.
254.
75 ～ 5.
2511ASP20170.
80 ～ 0.
853.
80 ～ 4.
502.
85 ～ 3.
253.
90 ～ 4.
200.
95 ～ 1.
357.
75 ～ 8.
75Nb:1.
0012ASP20301.
25 ～ 1.
353.
80 ～ 4.
506.
00 ～ 6.
704.
70 ～ 5.
202.
70 ～ 3.
208.
10 ～ 8.
8013ASP20532.
30 ～ 2.
603.
80 ～ 4.
504.
00 ～ 4.
502.
80 ～ 3.
507.
75 ～ 8.
20Max0.
5014ASP20602.
15 ～ 2.
453.
80 ～ 4.
506.
00 ～ 6.
806.
70 ～ 7.
306.
20 ～ 6.
8010.
10 ～ 10.
815ASP20802.
30 ～ 2.
603.
8 ～ 4.
3010.
50 ～ 11.
54.
80 ～ 5.
305.
80 ～ 6.
2015.
50 ～ 16.
516S390-PM1.
55 ～ 1.
654.
50 ～ 5.
009.
50 ～ 11.
002.
00 ～ 2.
404.
60 ～ 5.
207.
60 ～ 8.
3017S390-PM-MOD1.
65 ～ 1.
755.
95 ～ 6.
3510.
0 ～ 10.
753.
10 ～ 3.
404.
00 ～ 4.
507.
70 ～ 8.
30S ≤ 0.
0218HS10-4-3-10PM1.
21 ～ 1.
343.
80 ～ 4.
509.
00 ～ 10.
003.
20 ～ 3.
903.
00 ～ 3.
509.
50 ～ 10.
519HS18-1-2-5-PM0.
75 ～ 0.
833.
80 ～ 4.
5017.
5 ～ 18.
500.
50 ～ 0.
801.
40 ～ 1.
704.
50 ～ 5.
0020HS12-1-4-PM1.
20 ～ 1.
353.
80 ～ 4.
5011.
5 ～ 12.
500.
70 ～ 1.
003.
50 ～ 4.
50max0.
5021CPM10V*2.
35 ～ 2.
554.
75 ～ 5.
50max0.
501.
10 ～ 1.
459.
3 ～ 10.
25max0.
50S ≤ 0.
0922CPM10V-MOD2.
80 ～ 3.
007.
75 ～ 8.
25max1.
001.
20 ～ 1.
609.
25 ～ 1025max0.
50 note: In be being expressed on, all ask commonly, p ≤ 0.
03% , s ≤ 0.
03% , n ≤ 0.
08% , o ≤ 0.
015% , ar ≤ 0.
05ppm; * provides steel to add up to metalworking of high-speed steel of 3 pulverous metallurgy choose high-speed steel to contain a large number of W, Mo, Cr, element such as V, the alloy carbide that its and carbon form improved rolled steel performance. As a result of the uniqueness of smelt of pulverous high-speed steel, alloying element content is higher, especially the application of steel of tall V, tall Co is relatively general. Action of the W in high-speed steel, Mo is similar, the alloy carbide that forms with carbon reachs separate out aggrandizement through dissolving, make high-speed steel has 2 special sclerotic effects, red rigid rises greatly; The V in steel is strong carbide forms an element, VC petty dispersion, raised the wearability of steel, as V content rise, of high-speed steel fight the abrasiveness that wear bead to be able to promote considerably; Co is one of alloying element with solid dissolve the strongest aggrandizement, the hardness that will raise high-speed steel through aggrandizement of solid dissolve matrix reachs hot rigid, improved performance of cutting tool cutting, make cutting tool life rises greatly. Graph the 1 function characteristic that is a few kinds of pulverous high-speed steel and typical high-speed steel is comparative. Graph the choice need of material of comparative cutting tool considers the function characteristic of a few kinds of 1 pulverous high-speed steel and typical high-speed steel cutting tool category, machine tool and cutting condition, element be waitinged for by treatment material and hardness. Accuse as number machine tool, medium a large number of application of hard data cutting and excel in steel, taller and taller to the performance demand of cutting cutting tool, cutting tool must have taller hardness, red rigid, wearability and tenacity. Will tell commonly, to the cutting tool of requirement tall wear-resisting, tall tenacity, if long life is life tap, broach, simple tine is thin blade cutting tool, can choose high-speed steel of powder of tall carbon tall vanadium, typical brand has M3-PM, M4-PM, M61-PM to wait; To the cutting tool of life of rigid of cutting of requirement high speed, high fever, longevity, if machine tool of the gear hob, knife that insert tine, numerical control uses of all kinds milling cutter, high-speed steel of powder of tall cobalt of optional choose tall vanadium, typical brand has ASP2015, ASP2030, ASP2060 to wait. High-speed steel of 4 epilogue powder is mixed as a result of good constituent consistency of carbide without slant analyse, remedied the serious flaw of common smelt high-speed steel, make rolled steel quality and function rise in the round. Good cutting performance and integrated and mechanical performance were shown when cutting tool of pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel is processing the difficult treatment data such as strong steel of alloy of iron radical high temperature, titanium alloy, freeboard. Because smelt of pulverous high-speed steel reachs the characteristic of pulverization milling, craft and equipment requirement are relatively complex, rolled steel production cost is higher, apply in production of accurate and complex tool at present more, still remain to popularize application further. CNC Milling
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